With high blood pressure, a fatal pathology of the cardiovascular system develops. Feature leaps are dangerous to health, and in the absence of timely therapy, doctors do not exclude hypertensive crisis. 30% of all patients experience such problems, and the symptoms are always getting younger.
What is hypertension
Arterial hypertension is an independent disease in which blood pressure is disturbed. If previously only adult patients suffered from special diseases, now modern youth are also at risk. Arterial hypertension without timely treatment can lead to disability, leading to a person’s death.
When measuring the outlet pressure, a double indicator is obtained. When interpreting it, you can get a true clinical picture. The first value characterizes the systolic pressure (upper), corresponding to the force of contraction of the heart wall. The second is diastolic (lower), indicating pathogenesis during myocardial relaxation. Hypertension can be diagnosed at home using a classic tonometer, but requires clarification in a hospital setting.
Degrees
The pathological process attacks gradually, the invisible symptoms increase, frightening with its intensity, and causing other heart problems. In the body, hypertension manifests itself in one of three degrees - what it is, a cardiologist will tell you. A conditional classification of characteristic diseases with brief features is presented below:
- The first degree is low. The increase in blood pressure was insignificant, limited to 139-159 / 90-99 mm Hg. Art. At first, the symptoms appear unexpectedly, then disappear indistinctly. Pathology can still be cured.
- The second degree is modest. Possible deviations from the norm remain within 160–180/100–110 mm Hg. Art. , Although it is almost impossible to stabilize this indicator. The risk of hypertensive crisis is increased.
- The third degree is pronounced. Deviations from the norm are frightening in their scale, approaching 180 and above / 111 mm Hg. Art. If hypertension manifests itself in this way, the stage of the pathological process leads to a violation of cardiac activity.
Kind of
The disease has several conditional classifications that help specialists to characterize the clinical picture as accurately as possible, conduct an adequate diagnosis, and select the most effective treatment for timely relief of emergency symptoms. All pre -existing types of hypertension are briefly described below:
- by etiology: arterial hypertension in primary and secondary forms;
- symptomatic (secondary) hypertension: drug, endocrine, hemodynamic, renal, neurogenic;
- by complications: hypertensive crisis, malignant or labile hypertension.
Causes of hypertension
To ensure a long remission period, it is important to study the etiology of the pathological process. The main cause of hypertension is impaired blood circulation through the ducts, limited flow to the left ventricle of the heart. In modern medicine, there is a completely logical explanation for this - structural changes in blood vessels with age, the formation of blood clots and atherosclerotic plaques in their cavities.
In men
Women are more prone to characteristic diseases, but it can also develop in the male body. The main causes of hypertension in men are presented below, but experts strongly recommend avoiding such provoking factors and eliminating them from your life in a timely manner. This is:
- stressful situations;
- genetic predisposition;
- bad habits;
- previously suffered injuries associated with violations of the circulatory system;
- age -related changes in blood vessels, loss of elasticity;
- alcoholism;
- tendency or presence of one form of obesity.
Among women
If hypertension develops in a woman's body - what is it, you can find out by appointment with a local therapist, a very specialized specialist. The diagnosis is unpleasant, difficult to treat effectively. To avoid complications in a timely manner, it is important to know the main causes of hypertension in women. This is:
- severe emotional shock, crisis, prolonged stress;
- overweight, obesity;
- disturbed hormonal background;
- premenopausal conditions;
- increased blood cholesterol;
- old age of the patient.
Signs of hypertension
Knowing what hypertension is, the patient must respond in a timely manner to changes in the characteristics of the general condition of the disease. Distinguishing hypertension is not easy, this is the job of the doctor, so it is important not to delay the diagnosis. There is blood pressure instability, subject to external stimuli. Other signs of hypertension depend on the sex of the potential cardiology patient.
Among women
Representatives of the weaker sex respond abruptly to slight changes in health, so it is easier for them to recognize the appearance of problems in their own bodies. The disease can overwhelm the patient in an "attractive position. " The main signs of hypertension in women are:
- spontaneous headaches at different times of the day;
- landing of vision, loss of sharpness with sharp rounds of body and head;
- swelling of the lower legs;
- excessive irritation;
- swelling of the face in the morning.
In men
Initially, patients do not feel a change in their general well -being, and the slightest bit of illness refers to increased physical activity, excessive fatigue, or environmental factors. Over time, the symptoms of hypertension in men become more pronounced, indicating progressive heart failure. This is:
- reduced potency, problems in sex;
- decrease in concentration;
- increased shortness of breath;
- depressed state;
- fly syndrome before the eyes with sudden movements.
Treatment
Knowing who hypertensive patients are, we can safely say that these people need to "sit" on the pill for the rest of their lives to keep their overall health at the "satisfactory" mark. There is no way to completely cure this disease, but it is very possible to treat it. If you are interested in how to treat hypertension, the characteristics of conservative methods are presented below. Need:
- Perform all necessary tests to determine the stage and form of the disease.
- Leave bad habits, do a therapeutic diet.
- Frequent taking of drugs with antihypertensive action;
- Eliminates the risk of complications with regular examination by a specialist, folk remedies.
How to treat hypertension without medication
If there is no desire to take antihypertensive agents, and the attitude to drugs is sharply negative, what to do with hypertension? Doctors recommend to be outdoors more often, take a multivitamin complex with iron content to maintain systemic circulation, abandon bad habits and choose effective cardio exercises. Don't live an isolated lifestyle. However, in the relapse stage, you still need to take hypertension medication to avoid the risk of complications during myocardial function.
Diet for hypertension and heart disease
Therapeutic nutrition eliminates the use of salt, aimed at regulating body water balance. If hypertension is diagnosed - what exactly, how to treat it, a cardiologist will tell you. For example, diets for hypertension and heart disease provide the following restrictions in a patient’s normal diet. The following foods are considered prohibited:
- drinks with caffeine;
- sharpness, citrus, smoked meat;
- intestines;
- alcohol;
- fatty foods.
If this is chronic hypertension - is it in terms of nutrition? Allowed:
- lean meats;
- grains without salt;
- dairy products.